A midgut volvulus is a twisting of the small intestine around its vascular pedicle due to malrotation. The abnormal positioning of the duodenojejunal and ileocecal junctions results in a shortening of the normally broad based mesenteric attachment.

Patients usually present within the first month of life with bilious vomiting, abdominal distension, and shock. Associated disorders include duodenal atresia (20%), duodenal diaphragm, duodenal stenosis and annular pancreas. Complications include intestinal ischemia and necrosis in the distribution of the superior mesenteric artery. Therefore, malrotation with midgut volvulus is a surgical emergency.